why is my query not working adding like %%

$data = User::WhereRaw("concat(first_name, ' ', last_name) like '%$request->user_name%'")
->orwhere('inet_id',"like", "%" .$request->active_id. "%")
->orwhere('email',"like", "%" . $request->email. "%")
->orwhere('phone',"like", "%" . $request->phone . "%")->get();

1. Why is my query not working adding like %% .

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